با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن علمی مدیریت ورزشی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه کردستان

2 کارشناسی ارشد بازاریابی ورزشی، دانشگاه کردستان

چکیده

هدف از تحقیق حاضربررسی اثر بازاریابی رسانه های اجتماعی روی ارزش ویژه برند و پاسخ هواداران فوتبال تیم پرسپولیس است. روش تحقیق توصیفی-همبستگی بوده وجامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه هواداران باشگاه فرهنگی ورزشی تیم فوتبال پرسپولیس بودند. در این پژوهش351پرسشنامه به صورت آنلاین در سایت پرس لاین جمع آوری و پس از کنار گذاشتن پرسشنامه های مخدوش شده و ناقص350پرسشنامه قابل قبول مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. جهت گردآوری داده ها از پرسشنامه تعدیل یافته سئو و پارک ( 2018)  با23 سؤال که روایی صوری و محتوایی آن با استفاده از نظرچند تن از اساتید وروایی همگرا و واگرا آن با استفاده از تحلیل عاملی تأییدی بررسی گردید؛ همچنین همسانی درونی پرسشنامه با آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از آمار توصیفی  و مدل معادله ساختاری برای بررسی برازش مدل تحقیق استفاده شد. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که بازاریابی رسانه های اجتماعی 0/52 از تغییرات آگاهی برند و 0/54 از تغییرات تصویر برند را به صورت مثبت و معناداری پیش بینی کرد. از یافته های دیگر این پژوهش این که آگاهی از برند اثر مثبتی بر تبلیغات شفاهی، تعهد برند دارد. همچنین تصویر برند بر تبلیغات شفاهی وتعهد برند ضریب اثر مناسبی دارد؛ بنابراین توانایی بالای فضای رسانه های اجتماعی در این مسیر به طوری که با چارچوب علمی مناسب طراحی شود بسیار مؤثر خواهد بود و باشگاههای فوتبال میتوانند از طریق این فضا و استفاده از هواداران خود به ارائه خدمات و محصولاتی که بتواند برای باشگاه درآمدزایی مناسبی داشته باشد، بپردازند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Social Media Marketing on Brand Equity and the Response of Persepolis Football Fans

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sardar Mohammadi 1
  • Arash Zarei 2

1 Associate Professor in Sports Management, University of Kurdistan

2 M.A. in Sports Marketing, University of Kurdistan

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study was to review the effect of social network on word of mouth advertising due to loyalty and attachment to the brand in Iran Football Premier League.The present study aimed to investigate the effect of social media marketing on brand equity and the response of Persepolis football fans. Descriptive correlational method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the fans of Persepolis Football Club. To cllect data, 315 questionnaires were collected online at www.porsline.ir and after excluding altered and incomplete questionnaires, 310 acceptable questionnaires were analyzed. Furthermore, a modified Seo and Park questionnaire (2018) was used that includes 23 questions that it’s face and content validities were assessed using the opinion of several professors, its convergent and divergent validity were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and its internal validity was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modeling were used. The results indicated a significant and positive prediction of social media marketing about brand awareness changes and brand image changes, 0.5% and 1.2%, respectively. Moreover, the study found that brand awareness has a positive effect on verbal advertising and brand commitment. The brand image was also found as having significant effect on verbal advertising and brand commitment. Therefore, the ability of social media space, applied with a well- designed scientific framework, will be highly effective and football clubs can use this space and also their fans to provide services and products that can make a proper income for the club.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social Media
  • Brand Equity
  • Customer Response
  • Persepolis Team Fans
  1. Aaker, D. A. (1996). Measuring brand equity across products and markets. Californiamanagement review, 38 (3), 58.
  2. Abeza, G., O’Reilly, N., & Reid, I.(2013). Relationship marketing and socialmedia in sport. International Journal ofSport Communication, 6 (2), 120-142.
  3. Alalwan, A. A., Rana, N. P., Dwivedi,Y. K., & Algharabat, R. (2017). Socialmedia in marketing: A review and analysisof the existing literature. Telematics and Informatics, 34 (7), 1177-1190.
  4. Argan M., Argan M.T., Köse, H., &Gökalp, B. (2013). Using Facebook as asport marketing tool: A content analysis onTurkish soccer clubs. bs. Journal ofInternet Applications and Management, 4(1), 25-35. DOI:10.5505/iuyd.2013.74046.
  5. Alam, Z., Seyed Ameri, M. H., Khabiri,M 0.& Amiri, M .(6451.) Designing Social Media Marketing Model of Iran's ProLeague Football Clubs. SportManagement Studies. ( 54)(14 ), 561-00 , Doi:54066413/smrj.645105111. (Persian).
  6. Bendall-Lyon, D., & Powers, T. L.(2004). The impact of structure andprocess attributes on satisfaction andbehavioral intentions. Journal of ServicesMarketing, 18 (2), 114-121.
  7. Benthaus, J., Risius, M., & Beck, R.(2016). Social media managementstrategies for organizational impressionmanagement and their effect on public perception. The Journal of StrategicInformation Systems, 25 (2), 127-139.
  8. Berthon, P. R., Pitt, L. F., Plangger, K.,Shapiro, D. (2012). Marketing meets Web2.0, social media, and creative consumers:Implications for international marketingstrategy. Business horizons, 55 (3), 261-271.
  9. Brodie, R.J., Ilic, A., Juric, B., &Hollebeek, L. (2013). Consumerengagement in a virtual brand community:An exploratory analysis. Journal ofBusiness Research, 66 (8), 105114.
  10. Castronovo, C., & Huang, L. (2012).Social media in an alternative marketingcommunication model. Journal ofmarketing development andcompetitiveness, 6 (1), 117-134.
  11. Chen, C. Y., Chen, C. C., Chen, Y. S.,& Wey, S. C. (2011). Moderating effectsin relationship marketing: The roles ofcustomer expertise and priceorientation. African Journal of BusinessManagement, 5 (22), 9490-9502.
  12. Chen, S. C., & Lin, C. P. (2019).Understanding the effect of social mediamarketing activities: The mediation ofsocial identification, perceived value, andsatisfaction. Technological Forecastingand Social Change, 140, 22-32.
  13. Cui, W. (2011). Creating Consumer-based brand equity in the Chinese sportsshoes market: Measurement, challengesand opportunities. Aalborg University.
  14. Dahnil, M. I., Marzuki, K. M.,Langgat, J., & Fabeil, N. F. (2014).Factors influencing SMEs adoption ofsocial media marketing. Procedia-socialand behavioral sciences, 148, 119-126.
  15. Eagleman, A. N. (2013). Acceptance,motivations, and usage of social media as amarketing communications tool amongstemployees of sport national governing bodies. Sport Management Review, 16 (4),488-497.
  16. Gummesson, E. (1996). Relationship marketing and imaginary organizations: asynthesis. European journal ofMarketing, 30 (2), 31-44.
  17. Harris, R. (2009). Social media ecosystem mapped as a wiringdiagram. Retrieved September, 27, 2010,49.
  18. Hopkins, J. L. (2013). EngagingAustralian Rules Football fans with socialmedia: A case study. International Journalof Sport Management and Marketing, 13 (1-2), 104-121.
  19. Ibrahimi. A.,& Aali. S. (2016) Effectsof Relationship Quality on CustomerBehavioral Responses at Different Stagesof the Customer Relationship Life Cycle (Case Study of Tabriz Kheshavarzy Bank).University of Tehran Faculty ofManagement. 8 (3). 503- 525. (Persian)
  20. Jafari. S. (2017). The effect of socialmedia marketing activities on the intentionof customers to buy sports goods throughbrand equity (Case Study: Majid Brand). MSc thesis, Golbahar Institute of HigherEducat. Page9 . (Persian)
  21. Kaplan, A. M., & Haenlein, M. (2010).Users of the world, unite! The challengesand opportunities of SocialMedia. Business horizons, 53 (1), 59-68.
  22. Kotler, P. K., & Keller, L. K.(2012). Marketing management, 13, 45.
  23. Keiningham, T., Gupta, S., Aksoy, L.& Buoye, A. (2014). The high price ofcustomer satisfaction, MIT Sloan,Management Review, 55 (3), 36-46.
  24. Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study ofluxury fashion brand. Journal of Business research, 65 (10), 1480-1486.
  25. Kim, J. H., & Hyun, Y. J. (2011). Amodel to investigate the influence of marketing-mix efforts and corporate imageon brand equity in the IT software sector. Industrial marketing management, 40 (3), 424-438.
  26. Kim. F., King, C., Sparks, B. A., &Wang, Y. (2013). The influence of customer brand identification on hotelbrand evaluation and loyalty development. International Journal of HospitalityManagement, 34, 31-41
  27. Korzynski, P., & Paniagua, J. (2016).Score a tweet and post a goal: Social  media recipes for sports stars. BusinessHorizons, 59 (2), 185-192.
  28. Kotler, P., & Keller, K.L. (2012),Marketing Management. New Jersey:Prentice Hall.
  29. Lee, J., Park, S. Y., Baek, I., & Lee, C.S. (2008). The impact of the brand management system on brand performance in BB and BC environments. Industrial marketing management, 37 (7), 848-855.
  30. Lopez, M., Sicilia, M., Alejandro, A.,Carabaza, M. (2017). Creatingidentification with brand communities onTwitter: The balance between need foraffiliation and need for uniqueness.Internet Research, 27 (1), 2151.
  31. Mansouri, H., Modiri, M., & Izadi. B.,(2018). The Impact of Personal Sales Indicators on the Behavior of YoungConsumers. Sport Management Studies,10 (49), 183-204. (Persian)
  32. Newman, T., Peck, J. F., Harris, C., &Wilhide, B. (2013). Introduction toprinciples of sport communication,marketing, and social media. Social Mediain Sport Marketing. Arizona, USA:Holcomb Hathaway Publishers, 10.
  33. Ngo, M. H. & OCass, M. (2009).Relationship marketing in practice: mythsand realities. Industrial marketing management, 27 (5), 359-371.
  34. Peltekoğlu, F. B., & Hürmeriç, P.(2012). Social media used as a marketingpublic relations tool in Turkish footballteams.
  35. Rajaobelina, L., & Bergeron, J. (2009).Antecedents and consequences of buyer-seller relationship quality in the financial services industry. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 27 (5), 359-380.
  36. Schivinski, B., & Dabrowski, D.(2015). The impact of brandcommunication on brand equity throughFacebook. Journal of Research inInteractive Marketing, 9 (1), 31-53.
  37. Scott Rader, C., Subhan, Z., D. Lanier,C., Brooksbank, R., Yankah, S., & Spears,K. (2014). CyberRx: Emerging social media marketing strategy for pharmaceuticals. International Journal ofPharmaceutical and HealthcareMarketing, 8 (2), 193-225.
  38. Seo, E. J., & Park, J. W. (2018). Astudy on the effects of social media marketing activities on brand equity andcustomer response in the airline industry. Journal of Air TransportManagement, 66, 36-41.
  39. Shabani.A.(2018). Harmful Effects of Virtual Media on the Performance of Young Athletes. CommunicationManagement in Sports Media. 6 (21)  (Persian)
  40. Stephen, A. T., (2016). The role of digital and social media marketing inconsumer behavior. Current Opinion inPsychology, 10, 17-21.
  41. Thompson, A. J., Martin, A. J., Gee,S., & Eagleman, A. N. (2014). Examiningthe Development of a Social Media Strategy for a National Sport Organisation. Journal of Applied Sport Management, 6 (2), 17.
  42. Yang, D., Sonmez, M. M., Li, Q., &Duan, Y. (2015). The power of triple contexts on customer-based brand performanceA comparative study of Baidu and Google from Chinese netizens’perspective. International BusinessReview, 24 (1), 11-22.
  43. Yoo, B., Donthu, N., & Lee, S. (2000).An examination of selected marketing mix elements and brand equity. Journal of theacademy of marketing science, 28 (2),  195-211.
  44. Zardoshtian. S. Hosseini.M., &Karimi.J (2016). The Role of Mass Mediain the Tendency for Women Kermanshah Province to Examine the Sport.Communication Management in SportsMedia. 4 (14), Winter 2016. (Persian)
  45. Zhu, Y. Q., & Chen, H. G. (2015). Social media and human need satisfaction:Implications for social media marketing. Business horizons, 58 (3), 335-345.
  46.