Research Paper
Sports Media
bahareh nekoonam; Abolfazl Farahani
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to design a paradigm Pattern of media transparency for creating and developing good governance in Iranian sports. The research method in terms of strategy is qualitative and exploratory, with an applied-developmental goal which is from the grounded theory method as outlined ...
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The purpose of this study is to design a paradigm Pattern of media transparency for creating and developing good governance in Iranian sports. The research method in terms of strategy is qualitative and exploratory, with an applied-developmental goal which is from the grounded theory method as outlined by Strauss and Corbin. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews, supplemented by open, axial, and selective coding worksheets developed by the researcher. The validity of the findings was confirmed by members of the research group, while reliability was assessed using the Pi-Scott criterion, yielding a coefficient of agreement between coders of 0.96. The statistical population of the research was the managers and experts the study's statistical population comprised managers and experts in sports management, communication, and sports media. Theoretical sampling was employed, achieving theoretical saturation after interviewing 24 participants. Analysis was conducted over five rounds of interviews, leading to a theoretical consensus on the categories of the phenomenon, which included central concepts, causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences. The qualitative results were organized into 41 categories, 195 conceptual codes, and 267 items across six dimensions of the paradigm model within the country's sports system. Based on these findings, the antecedents and outcomes of the media transparency model are deemed useful and practical for the creation and development of good governance in Iranian sports. Consequently, advancing good governance in sports necessitates structural, strategic, managerial, and professional reforms in media transparency.
Research Paper
Sport Public Relations
Hematallah Bastami; ali karimi; ali ahmadi; Hesam aldin alidousti; mehdi hariri
Abstract
One of the important variables in organizations is the professional ethics of employees. Promoting professional ethics within organizations particularly through the lens of one of today’s most significant developments, social media not only fosters a vibrant and supportive environment that enhances ...
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One of the important variables in organizations is the professional ethics of employees. Promoting professional ethics within organizations particularly through the lens of one of today’s most significant developments, social media not only fosters a vibrant and supportive environment that enhances productivity but also plays a crucial role in achieving organizational health, a key indicator of organizational excellence. This study employed a descriptive-correlational research method and was applied in terms of objective. The statistical population comprised 320 managers and employees of the General Department of Sports and Youth in Kermanshah Province. Using a random sampling method based on Cochran's formula, 175 individuals were selected as the sample. The research utilized three questionnaires focusing on professional ethics, organizational health, and social media. Data analysis was conducted using Smart PLS statistical software, employing structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis. The findings revealed a positive and significant relationship between professional ethics and organizational health, with social media serving as a mediating factor among managers and employees in the sports and youth departments of Kermanshah Province. Specifically, the results indicated that professional ethics influenced social media with a coefficient of 0.76, while professional ethics affected organizational health with a coefficient of 0.34, and social media impacted organizational health with a coefficient of 0.41. Overall, professional ethics had the highest impact on social media (path coefficient of 0.76) and the least impact on organizational health (path coefficient of 0.34). As a new infrastructural element, social media has provided a fresh perspective for sports organizations. Today, the integration of these technologies in planning, decision-making, guidance, and control is crucial for achieving organizational health, with the professional ethics of managers and employees playing a distinctive role in reaching these goals.
Research Paper
Sports Media
leila beirami jeghanab; rahim ramezani nejad
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the content characteristics of scientific research articles related to sports for all from 2011 to 2020. This research employed a descriptive strategy, content analysis for implementation, and documentary data collection. The statistical population included all scientific ...
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The aim of this study was to identify the content characteristics of scientific research articles related to sports for all from 2011 to 2020. This research employed a descriptive strategy, content analysis for implementation, and documentary data collection. The statistical population included all scientific research articles available in the scientific databases of Jihad Daneshgahi, Normagz, and sports management research journals, using keywords such as "sport for all," "sports participation," "leisure," and "citizenship sports." The research sample consisted of 271 articles, which represented the entire statistical population. Descriptive statistics, Excel, and SPSS-22 software were utilized for data analysis. The results revealed that the highest percentage of thematic categories pertained to the concept of "sport for all," with 46.1% of the articles focusing on the macro level and 45.4% at the city level. The majority of the research was published in 1396 and 1397, and Javadipour emerged as one of the most prolific writers. Additionally, 94.8% of the articles had multiple authors, with at least one female author in 51.7% of cases. In terms of job field, 22.9% of the research was unrestricted to specific classes, while 13.3% focused on managers and employees. From an organizational perspective, 56.1% of the research was conducted in a combined form, and 17.3% was affiliated with the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology. Regarding age and gender, most articles did not emphasize specific categories. The majority (73.43%) of the articles utilized the quantitative method, while 11.4% employed statistical methods such as factor analysis and structural equations, and 67.2% utilized questionnaires. Furthermore, 52.7% of the article sources were in Latin, and the Journal of Strategic Studies in Sports and Youth had the highest number of publications in this field. Based on the results, it is recommended that future research in this field incorporate mixed and qualitative studies. Additionally, it is suggested that sports officials, particularly those in the Federation of Sport for All, implement precise and long-term policies for the development of sports for all, in coordination with relevant organizations. This should involve leveraging the potential capacity of domestic science and sports specialists, as well as adopting successful models from other countries to advance the country's health through sports.
Research Paper
Sport International Relations
Faezeh Khandabi; Seyed Hamid Sajadi Hazaveh; Farideh Ashraf Ganjoyi; Zinat NikAeen
Abstract
The current research aims to develop the capacities of polo sports tourism with a specific focus on the role of media, utilizing future studies. The research is applied and analytical-exploratory in nature. The statistical population comprises experts in lacrosse, physical education, and media who have ...
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The current research aims to develop the capacities of polo sports tourism with a specific focus on the role of media, utilizing future studies. The research is applied and analytical-exploratory in nature. The statistical population comprises experts in lacrosse, physical education, and media who have conducted relevant research, totaling 38 individuals. A targeted sampling method was employed to identify these experts, and sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached, resulting in a final sample of 20 participants. Out of the initial group, 14 individuals expressed their willingness to participate in the cross-effects analysis. To analyze the data, a combination of expert panel methods and cross-sectional effects was utilized. Key recommendations for enhancing polo sports tourism capacities through media include: Introducing lacrosse and the necessary components for starting the sport via media channels; Producing and broadcasting programs that introduce lacrosse in English for foreign tourists; Presenting lacrosse sports documentaries to foreign networks with a focus on education and promotion; Providing media coverage of traditional festivals where polo is played; Encouraging investment in sports tourism by producing media incentive programs. Thus, it can be concluded that the development of polo sports tourism capacities, with an emphasis on media, should be prioritized by the country's sports tourism managers.
Research Paper
Sport Advertising
Amir Ahmadi; Akbar Afarinesh Khaki; Tayebeh Zargar; Hasan GhasemAlipour
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze strategies for enhancing the credibility of team sponsors, with a particular emphasis on media influence among fans of the Iranian Football Premier League, utilizing futures research. This research is applied and analytical-exploratory in nature. A ...
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The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze strategies for enhancing the credibility of team sponsors, with a particular emphasis on media influence among fans of the Iranian Football Premier League, utilizing futures research. This research is applied and analytical-exploratory in nature. A group of 20 selected professors knowledgeable about sports team sponsorship, along with selected managers from Premier League football teams, sponsors of these teams, and a few chosen fans, were identified as a standard sample for qualitative interviews. Subsequently, 15 individuals from this statistical community expressed their willingness to participate in a cross-sectional analysis. To analyze the data, a combination of expert panels and Mic Mac crossover effects were employed. The findings revealed that the most significant drivers for improving the credibility of team sponsors, as emphasized by the media among fans of the Iranian Football Premier League, are as follows: Publishing the level of commitment and dedication of the team sponsor to their obligations; Highlighting the achievements (successes) of the team sponsor in the media; Sharing future sponsorship plans for the team; Publishing team members' opinions regarding the sponsor; Showcasing the material and spiritual contributions of the sponsor to the team. It is recommended that managers of mass media and specialized media for Premier Football League clubs (including websites and social networks) reflect the achievements, honors, and programs of financial sponsors based on factual information. This approach can leverage the validation of players, coaching staff, and management to enhance credibility.
Research Paper
Sport Advertising
Farideh Mahmoudian; Zohrhe Hasani
Abstract
The aim of this study was to identify the effect of professional athletes' interactions on Instagram on the athlete's brand image, with the mediating roles of relationship quality, brand authenticity, and fan attachment. The methodology employed in this study was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical ...
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The aim of this study was to identify the effect of professional athletes' interactions on Instagram on the athlete's brand image, with the mediating roles of relationship quality, brand authenticity, and fan attachment. The methodology employed in this study was descriptive-correlational, and the statistical population consisted of approximately 50,000 students from four public universities in west of Iran, from which 590 individuals were selected as a sample. A structural equation model was utilized to test the hypotheses. The findings indicated that interactions on Instagram have a positive and significant indirect effect on the athlete's brand image, with a regression coefficient of 0.28, mediated by fan attachment. Additionally, the regression coefficient for the indirect effect of Instagram interactions on brand image through relationship quality and fan attachment (0.22) was greater than the mediating effect of brand authenticity and fan attachment (0.10). As a result, athletes can gain significant benefits by strategically and programmatically utilizing Instagram to manage the content of their posts.
Research Paper
Sport Communication
Ali Hasanzadeh; Mohamad Porranjbar; Mohsen Manochehri Negad
Abstract
The present research was designed and conducted to analyze the interactive relationships among the dimensions of entrepreneurship development through sports in the technical and vocational universities of the country. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, consisting of both qualitative and quantitative ...
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The present research was designed and conducted to analyze the interactive relationships among the dimensions of entrepreneurship development through sports in the technical and vocational universities of the country. This study employed a mixed-methods approach, consisting of both qualitative and quantitative components. The statistical population included experts with comprehensive knowledge of the research topic. Data collection tools comprised semi-structured interviews and researcher-developed questionnaires. For the quantitative analysis, the DEMATEL method was utilized, while the qualitative analysis employed the fuzzy Delphi method. Following the application of the fuzzy Delphi method, 46 items were identified and categorized into four main dimensions and twelve sub-dimensions. These dimensions include:1) Environmental Factors: Customs, laws and regulations, policy issues, and social issues. 2) Commercial Factors: Markets and sports products. 3) Specialized Factors: Technology, experience, sports events, and education. 4) Managerial Factors: Planning, evaluation, and monitoring. In the subsequent phase of the research, the DEMATEL method was applied to analyze the twelve components: customs, laws and regulations, policy issues, social issues, markets, sports products, technology, experience, sports events, education, planning, and evaluation and monitoring. This method was used to identify the relationships between these dimensions. The findings indicated that education, rules and regulations, planning, evaluation and supervision, customs, and policy issues play a significant and clear role in the emergence and formation of other factors contributing to the development of entrepreneurship through sports in the technical and vocational universities of the country.
Research Paper
Sports Media
mehr ali hematinejhad toli; Sardar Mohamadi; Behnam Asheghi
Abstract
Marketing in sports and within sports organizations plays a crucial role, and today, sports marketing is taught at most universities across the country. Therefore, any book that aims to specialize in this field deserves a thorough review and examination. This study critiques the book "Sports Marketing ...
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Marketing in sports and within sports organizations plays a crucial role, and today, sports marketing is taught at most universities across the country. Therefore, any book that aims to specialize in this field deserves a thorough review and examination. This study critiques the book "Sports Marketing Management," authored by Farahani and Ghorbani Ghahfarokhi, published in 2020 by Payam Noor University Publications in its sixth edition. The critique utilized the book review checklist from the Council for the Review of Texts and Books in Human Sciences, and multiple readings of the book were conducted to identify errors. Based on the findings, the strengths of the book include its practical content and the incorporation of various tables that enhance reader comprehension. However, significant weaknesses were identified, including issues and ambiguities related to citations and source referencing. Additionally, structural weaknesses were noted, such as lexical errors, incomplete sentences, and disorganized content. The simplistic design of the back cover and overall cover of the book is another drawback. It is hoped that this critique, along with an examination of the book's strengths and weaknesses, will contribute to improving future editions and subsequent publications in the field.
Research Paper
Sports Media
Bahareh Rahmanian Kooshkaki; Marziyeh Khalifeh Soltani; Saeed Jafari
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to present the model of sports media management with the approach of developing sports diplomacy. The research method was qualitative, based on grounded theory and with systematic analysis approach. The statistical population included managers of sports organizations, ...
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The aim of the present study was to present the model of sports media management with the approach of developing sports diplomacy. The research method was qualitative, based on grounded theory and with systematic analysis approach. The statistical population included managers of sports organizations, members of sports media, and university professors in sports sciences, and sampling was done snowball technique. A semi-structured interview was used to collect information, and theoretical saturation was achieved by conducting 17 interviews. The validity of the interview questions was confirmed step by step by the experts and the reliability of the questions done through the test-retest reliability turned out to be 94%. By analyzing the data by MAXQDA software, 465 primary codes, 51 sub-categories and 13 main categories were obtained, and the research model was designed through three stages of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. Based on the paradigmatic model of Strauss and Corbin, the categories were placed in the axes of causal, contextual, intervening factors, strategies, and consequences. The results showed that the strategic view and interactionism leads to economic and cultural growth, international reputation, and finally globalization and achieving soft power. Therefore, officials should try to manage sports media by creating a structured and targeted program.
Research Paper
Sports Media
Mojtaba Fatahpoor; Masoumeh Hosseini
Abstract
Media literacy emphasizes the ability to understand, evaluate, and use media. The media, on the other hand, play an important role in disseminating social norms and enriching leisure time through sports. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of media literacy in the type of media consumption ...
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Media literacy emphasizes the ability to understand, evaluate, and use media. The media, on the other hand, play an important role in disseminating social norms and enriching leisure time through sports. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of media literacy in the type of media consumption and enriching the leisure time of physical education teachers in the western provinces of Iran (Kermanshah, Ilam, Kurdistan). The research method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population included all physical education teachers working in the western provinces of Iran (Kermanshah, Ilam, Kurdistan). Also, the samples were selected by stratified random sampling method with Morgan table and 400 people were included in the study. Data collection tools were demographic information questionnaire, media literacy questionnaire and leisure time questionnaire. In order to analyze the research data, Smirnov Kolmograph test, path analysis and structural equation were used in Amos software. The results showed that the direct and indirect effects of media literacy on leisure time were 0.130 and 0.552, respectively, and were significant at the level of P<0.01. Also, the effect of media consumption variable on leisure time was equal to 0.890, which is significant at the level of P<0.01. Therefore, the need for more attention in the theoretical and practical field to media literacy and promotion of media literacy of the audience seems necessary by communication specialists.
Research Paper
Sport Advertising
Abed Mahmoudian; Saeed Sadeghi Boruojerdi; Ako Ibrahim Faqe Mahmood; Mohsen Heidari Toupkanlou
Abstract
In today's sport industry, the proper use of social media can be used as a strategy to create a distinction for a sports team brand in a highly competitive market. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the response of fans to the brand attributes of sports teams in the social network ...
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In today's sport industry, the proper use of social media can be used as a strategy to create a distinction for a sports team brand in a highly competitive market. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to analyze the response of fans to the brand attributes of sports teams in the social network Instagram. The research method was descriptive-analytical. 577 Instagram posts were analyzed from two football sports teams, in which the photos were based on related attributes (team success, star players and head coach) and unrelated (brand, management, club history and tradition, club values and culture, Event image, sponsor, fans and stadium) were categorized by product. Statistical analysis included analyzing the content of Instagram posts related to teams and examining the number of likes and comments related to posts. The findings showed; The most posts shared by both teams were about the team's success, the star players and the team coach. Also, the highest number of likes and comments were related to posts with the content of team success, star players, head coach, fans for Esteghlal team and the highest number of likes and comments for Persepolis team were related to posts with event image, success, star player and head coach content. This study highlights the importance of each of the brand characteristics of sports teams in the midst of online interaction and engagement of fans. it is suggested that marketing and sports managers of teams should have a better understanding of the semiotics of images for Instagram posts to increase the number of comments and likes and ultimately increase interaction with them.