نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 کارشناس ارشد، باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد زنجان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، زنجان
2 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران
چکیده
هدف از انجام پژوهش حاضر، استانداردسازی (سنجش روایی و پایایی) پرسشنامه تبلیغات دهان به دهان در ورزش بود. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کلیه مشتریان باشگاههای بدنسازی شهرستان ایلام که دست کم یک سال سابقه فعالیت ورزشی داشتهاند، تشکیل دادند. ملاک حجم نمونه لازم برای گردآوری دادهها با توجه به تعداد سؤالات (21سوال) در تحلیل عاملی به این منظور 194 نفر مشتریان مراجعه کننده به باشگاههای بدنسازی و پرورش اندام به صورت تصادفی انتخاب و پرسشنامه تبلیغات دهان به دهان را تکمیل کردند. جهت جمعآوری دادهها از پرسش نامه تبلیغات دهان به دهان جانگ (2007) که مشتمل بر مؤلفههای قدرت رابطه، دانش فرستنده، تخصص گیرنده، ریسک ادراک شده گیرنده، گروه مرجع و پیگیری اطلاعات میباشد، استفاده شد. با استفاده از روش سه مرحلهای پرسشنامه ترجمه و سپس برای انجام روایی صوری محتوایی در اختیار 10 نفر از اساتید مدیریت ورزشی قرار گرفت. برای تحلیل دادهها از روشهای آمار توصیفی و آزمونهای آماری ضریب آلفایکرونباخ و پایایی ترکیبی برای تعیین پایایی و تحلیل عاملی تأییدی برای تعیین روایی سازه استفاده شد. یافتهها نشان داد پایایی مؤلفههای پرسشنامه از وضعیت قابل قبولی برخوردار بود ( , CR>.7α). در خصوص روایی سازه و بر اساس میزان روابط و T-value، تمامی سؤالات رابطه معناداری با عاملها داشتند و توانستند پیشگوی خوبی برای سازه خود باشند. شاخصهای 31/1=x2 /df ، 04/0= RMSEA و همچنین 99/0= CFI، 99/0= IFI، 95/0= NFI، 90/0= AGFI، 94/0= GFI هم برازش مدل را تأیید کردند. نتایج نشان داد تمامی عاملها توانستند تبیینکننده خوبی برای مفهوم تبلیغات دهان به دهان میباشند.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Validation and Reliability of Word of Mouth Scale in Sport
نویسندگان [English]
- Hossein Kordlu 1
- Ali Reza Elahi 2
1 M.A. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Zanjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Zanjan
2 Associate Professor of Sport Management,University of kharazmi, Tehran
چکیده [English]
This study aims to determine questionnaire standardize (validity and reliability) of word of mouth advertising in sport. The population of study includes all costumers of bodybuilding in Ilam’s that have one year attendance in this clubs. The sample consisted of 194 individuals according to the criterion of sample size for Factor Analysis (21 questioners). Measurement Instrument was of word of mouth advertising Jung (2007) included 6 subscales (Tie strength, Sender s expertise, Receivers expertise, Receivers risk perception, Reference group and actively sought by congruence). Using a three-step questionnaire and then for content validity of questionnaire was accepted after translating by 10 professors of sport management and specialists. Statistical methods were discretional indexes for describing data, Cronbach`s alpha and Composite Reliability for determining validity, analysis of an accepting factor to determine the validity. Results of the questionnaire showed acceptable reliability components (α, CR>.7). reliability for word of mouth advertising questionnaire. All factors had a significant relationship with concept word of mouth advertising in reliability of Structure, the amount of relationship and T-value. X2/df=1.31, RMSEA=0.040 indexes and CFI=0.99, IFI=0.99, NFI=0.95, AGFI=0.90 and GFI=0.94 also confirmed appropriateness of models.
کلیدواژهها [English]
- Standardization of Tools
- Sport of Services
- Word of Mouth
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