طراحی مدل شکل‌دهی رفتار شهروندی هواداران فوتبال با تکیه بر نقش رسانه‌های اجتماعی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

3 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، گروه تربیت‌بدنی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.

چکیده

هدف از پژوهش حاضر، طراحی مدل شکل‌دهی رفتار شهروندی هواداران فوتبال با تکیه بر نقش رسانه‌های اجتماعی بود. این تحقیق از نوع کاربردی و کیفی مبتنی بر نظریه داده بنیاد با رویکرد استراوس و کوربین است. جامعه آماری شامل اساتید مدیریت ورزشی، جامعه‌شناسی و روان‌شناسی، مدیران سازمان‌های ورزشی و همچنین متخصصان و فعالان در زمینه رسانه‌های اجتماعی بودند که 21 نفر از آنان با استفاده از روش گلوله‌برفی و در نظر گرفتن اشباع نظری، در مصاحبه‌های پژوهش شرکت کردند. ابزار پژوهش مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته بود و روایی و پایایی آن با استفاده از شاخص‌های گوبا و لینکلن (1985) شامل قابلیت اعتبار، قابلیت انتقال، قابل اعتماد بودن و تاییدپذیری تأیید شد و میزان پایایی بازآزمون نیز 89/0 به دست آمد. داده‌ها با استفاده از کدگذاری سه مرحله‌ای باز، محوری و گزینشی تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج تحقیق نشان داد که هولیگانیسم، اهمیت هدایت و کنترل جمعیت و قابلیت رسانه‌های اجتماعی به عنوان عوامل علی؛ عوامل ساختاری، عوامل مدیریتی و عوامل اجتماعی به عنوان عوامل زمینه‌ای؛ عوامل اجتماعی- فرهنگی، عوامل اقتصادی و عوامل سیاسی به عنوان عوامل مداخله‌گر؛ راهبردهای آموزشی، مدیریتی، اصلاح سیاست‌های رسانه‌ای، انگیزشی، امنیتی و نیازسنجی به عنوان راهبرد و توسعه اجتماعی، ارتقای کیفیت، توسعه ورزشی و کاهش آسیب به عنوان پیامدهای شکل‌دهی رفتار شهروندی هواداران فوتبال با تکیه بر نقش رسانه‌های اجتماعی می‌باشند. بنابراین مدیران ورزشگاه‌ها و باشگاه‌های فوتبال به منظور اصلاح وشکل‌دهی رفتار شهروندی هواداران خود می‌توانند از رسانه‌های اجتماعی بهره ببرند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a model for shaping the citizenship behavior of football fans based on the role of social media

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ramin Gholipoor 1
  • Habib Mohammadpour Yaghini 2
  • mohammadrahim najafzadeh 3
  • Jafar bargi Moghadam 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Sports Management, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
3 Associate Professor of Sports Management, Department of Physical Education, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

The aim of the current research was to design a model for shaping the citizenship behavior of football fans based on the role of social media. This applied and qualitative research is based on grounded theory with Strauss and Corbin's approach. The statistical population included professors of sports management, sociology and psychology, managers of sports organizations, as well as specialists and activists in the field of social media, 21 of whom participated in research interviews using the snowball method and considering theoretical saturation. The research tool was a semi-structured interview and its validity and reliability were confirmed by using Guba and Lincoln (1985) indices, including validity, transferability, reliability and verifiability, and the retest reliability was 0.89. Data were analyzed using three-stage open, central and selective coding. The results of the research showed that hooliganism, the importance of directing and controlling the crowd and the ability of social media as causal factors; structural factors, management factors and social factors as background factors; socio-cultural factors, economic factors and political factors as intervening factors; educational, management strategies, reforming media, motivational, security and needs assessment policies as a strategy and social development, quality improvement, sports development and injury reduction are the consequences of shaping the citizenship behavior of football fans by relying on the role of social media. Therefore, managers of football clubs and stadiums can use social media to improve and shape the citizenship behavior of their fans.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Citizenship Behavior
  • Fans
  • Football
  • Social Media

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 19 بهمن 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 اردیبهشت 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 08 خرداد 1403

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