نقش روابط دیپلماتیک در ورود و ترویج رشته‌های ورزشی خارجی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

ورزش همواره در روابط دیپلماتیک و بین‌الملل به‌عنوان قدرت نرم برای تحقق اهداف بین‌المللی کشورها مدنظر بوده است. بررسی تاریخ ظهور رشته‌های ورزشی غیربومی در ایران بازگوکننده حقایق زیادی درمورد نحوه ورود و دلایل ظهور آن‌ها در ایران است. این تحقیق کیفی حاوی نگرشی تاریخی است که با استفاده از روش اسنادی و مصاحبه اسمی انجام شد. جامعه موردمطالعه در بخش مطالعه اسنادی همه اسناد، مقالات، کتب و گزارش‌های تاریخی مرتبط با تاریخچه و اتفاقات مرتبط با ظهور رشته‌های غیربومی در ایران بود که به‌طور تمام‌شمار مدنظر قرار گرفت (تعداد=70). در بخش مصاحبه، صاحب‌نظران و محققان آشنا با حوزه تاریخ ورزش ایران ابتدا به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند و سپس با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری گلوله‌برفی با آن‌ها مصاحبه شد و درنهایت با رسیدن به اشباع نظری (تعداد=19) مصاحبه‌ها به اتمام رسید. نتایج نشان داد که از بین عوامل موجود ورود رشته‌های ورزشی به ایران، ایرانیان از فرنگ برگشته و اتباع خارجی از مهم‌ترین عوامل ظهور این رشته‌ها در ایران بودند و در جایگاه بعد، مراودات اقتصادی، سیاسی و ورزشی اهمیت داشتند و در ترویج و توسعه رشته‌های خارجی از طریق اتباع خارجی و روابط بین‌الملل عواملی چون تبلیغات و بازاریابی، توسعه فرهنگ بیگانه، توسعه ساختاری و توسعه اقتصادی ورزش‌های غیربومی، مهم‌ترین شیوه‌های ماندگاری و توسعه این رشته‌ها بودند. با توجه به الگوی مشابه ظهور این رشته‌ها در بسیاری از کشورها، به نظر می‌رسد سیاست‌های پنهانی در دیپلماسی کشورها برای استفاده از ورزش به‌عنوان قدرت نرم برای تحقق اهداف سیاسی در کشورهای میزبان مدنظر بوده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Diplomatic Relations in the Introducing and Promoting of Foreign Sports in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Keshkar 1
  • Ghazal panahbar 2
1 Associate Prof, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc. Sport Management, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Sports have emerged as a significant form of soft power in diplomatic and international relations. A historical examination of the introduction of non-native sports in Iran sheds light on the methods and reasons behind their adoption in the country. The historical presence of foreigners and international relations in Iran has had a notable impact, particularly in the development of modern sports. Foreigners have played a pivotal role in attracting young people and fostering the growth of sports in the country. Understanding the strategies employed by foreigners to promote their sports can offer valuable insights for sports managers seeking to maintain and develop local sports. In a historical qualitative study employing documentary methods and nominee interviews, the introduction of foreign sports to Iran was investigated. The study reviewed 70 relevant documents, articles, books, and reports. Additionally, experts and researchers in sport history, sport management, sport sociology, athletes, sports veterans, and club/team managers (N=19) were purposively and snowball sampled for interviews. The findings revealed that Iranians who had traveled abroad and foreigners played crucial roles in introducing sports to Iran, while economic and political connections were instrumental in promoting their development. Advertising, foreign cultural influences, structural development, and economic growth have all contributed to the maintenance and nurturing of these sports activities. The similar emergence of sports in many countries suggests that governments have strategically utilized sports to achieve political goals in host countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Diplomatic Relations
  • Diplomacy
  • Promotion
  • Marketing
  • Foreign Sports

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  • تاریخ دریافت: 06 مرداد 1402
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 09 شهریور 1402
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 03 مهر 1402

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