نقش شبکه‌های اجتماعی در توسعه ورزش همگانی و قهرمانی افراد دارای معلولیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 استاد گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، بررسی نقش شبکه‌های اجتماعی در توسعه ورزش همگانی و قهرمانی افراد دارای معلولیت در ایران بود. در این راستا، از روش‌ پژوهش کیفی با رویکرد تحلیل محتوای صفحات فعال در شبکه‌های اجتماعی (اینستاگرام، تلگرام، توییتر) و تحلیل مضمون مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با ورزشکاران توان یاب، مربیان و مدیران ورزشی استفاده شده است. نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت هدفمند انجام شد و کدگذاری داده‌ها از طریق مراحل استخراج اولیه، ادغام مفهومی، و طبقه‌بندی مضمون انجام گرفت. برای تحلیل محتوای دیجیتال،۳۵ صفحه فعال مرتبط با ورزش توان‌‌یابان در بازه زمانی یک‌ساله بررسی شدند. همچنین ۲۲ مصاحبه عمیق با تنوع جنسیتی، نوع معلولیت، و سطح ورزشی (همگانی و قهرمانی) انجام شد. یافته‌ها نشان داد که شبکه‌های اجتماعی از طریق چهار سازوکار اصلی شامل «انگیزه‌بخشی و خودباوری»، «شبکه‌سازی و حمایت اجتماعی»، «اطلاع‌رسانی و آگاهی‌بخشی» و «مواجهه با چالش‌های محتوایی» بر توسعه ورزش توان‌‌یابان تأثیرگذار هستند. محتوای انگیزشی بیشترین سهم از تعامل کاربران را به خود اختصاص داد. تلگرام در ایجاد ارتباطات محلی و اینستاگرام در ارتقای دیده‌شدن ورزشکاران نقش مهمی داشتند. در عین حال، چالش‌هایی مانند محتوای غیرحرفه‌ای، نبود زیرنویس در ویدئوها برای افراد با معلولیت حسی و مقایسه اجتماعی منفی نیز شناسایی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که شبکه‌های اجتماعی می‌توانند به‌عنوان ابزاری مؤثر در توانمندسازی ورزشی افراد دارای معلولیت عمل کنند، مشروط بر آنکه تولید و مدیریت محتوای این پلتفرم‌ها با دقت و رویکردی فراگیر انجام گیرد. پیشنهاد می‌شود که نهادهای ورزشی با بهره‌گیری از ظرفیت این شبکه‌ها، راهبردهای ارتباطی هدفمند برای افزایش مشارکت ورزشی و تغییر نگرش‌های اجتماعی نسبت به معلولیت طراحی کنند

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Social Media in the Development of Recreational and Professional Sports for Persons with Disabilities.

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abbas Jahantabnejad 1
  • Tahereh Azmsha 2
  • Sedigheh Heydarinejad 3
  • Seyed Hossein Marashian 4
  • Amin khatibi 4
1 Ph.D Student, Department of Sport Management, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
2 Assistant professor in Department of sport management, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor in Department of sport management, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Associate professor in Department of sport management, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of social media in the development of recreational and professional sports among persons with disabilities in Iran.To this end, a mixed qualitative approach was adopted, combining content analysis of active social media pages (Instagram, Telegram, and Twitter) with thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted with athletes, coaches, and sports administrators. Purposeful sampling was used, and data coding was carried out through initial extraction, conceptual merging, and thematic categorization.For the digital content analysis,35 active pages related to disability sports were reviewed over a one-year period.In addition,22 in-depth interviews were conducted, encompassing a diversity of gender, type of disability, and level of sports involvement (recreational and professional).Findings revealed that social media contributes to the development of disability sports through four main mechanisms: “motivation and self-belief,” “networking and social support,” “information dissemination and awareness-raising,” and “content-related challenges.” Motivational content generated the highest user engagement. Telegram played a key role in facilitating local connections,while Instagram was particularly effective in enhancing athlete visibility.However, several challenges were identified, including unprofessional content, the absence of subtitles in videos for users with sensory disabilities, and negative social comparisons. The results suggest that social media can serve as an effective tool for empowering individuals with disabilities through sport, provided that content production and management on these platforms are conducted with care and inclusivity.It is recommended that sports organizations leverage the potential of these platforms to develop targeted communication strategies aimed at increasing participation and reshaping societal perceptions of disability.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Social Media
  • Disability Sports
  • Recreational Sports
  • Professional Sports
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