مدیریت ارتباطات در رسانه های ورزشی

با همکاری مشترک دانشگاه پیام نور و انجمن علمی مدیریت ورزشی ایران

شماره جاری

بر اساس شماره‌های نشریه

بر اساس نویسندگان

بر اساس موضوعات

نمایه نویسندگان

نمایه کلیدواژه ها

درباره نشریه

اهداف و چشم انداز

اعضای هیات تحریریه

اصول اخلاقی انتشار مقاله

بانک ها و نمایه نامه ها

پیوندهای مفید

پرسش‌های متداول

فرایند پذیرش مقالات

اطلاعات آماری نشریه

اخبار و اعلانات

ارائة مدل پیش‌نیازها و اثرات کمک داور ویدئویی در توسعه فوتبال حرفه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت ورزشی، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران.

2 استادیار مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه رازی، کرمانشاه، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه تربیت‌بدنی، واحد شوشتر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شوشتر، ایران.

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر، ارائه مدل پیش‌نیازها و اثرات کمک‌داور ویدئویی در توسعه فوتبال حرفه‌ای بود. این کار با انجام پژوهش کیفی از نوع گرانددتئوری که شیوه آن اکتشافی است، انجام شد. در این تحقیق از طریق بررسی ادبیات و مصاحبه اکتشافی به ارائه مدل، از روش برخاسته از داده‌ها و به شیوه تحلیل تم اقدام شد. برای انجام مصاحبه، جامعة آماری پژوهش، خبرگان و اساتید حوزه مدیریت ورزشی بودند که حداقل صاحب یک پژوهش (مقاله پژوهشی، سخنرانی، طرح پژوهشی، تألیف و ترجمه کتاب) در حوزه موضوع پژوهش و همچنین داوران فوتبال و مدیران فدراسیون فوتبال ایران بودند. به‌منظور شناسایی این افراد، از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد. این نمونه‌گیری تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری ادامه یافت و درنهایت 18 نفر (10 استاد و 8 داور و مدیر) به‌عنوان نمونه مشخص شدند. درنهایت مقوله‌ها در قالب 12 مقوله و 48 کد مفهومی مشخص شد و در دل ابعاد شش‌گانه مدل پارادایمی جای گرفتند. عواملی همچون عوامل نگرشی، مدیریتی و رسانه بر استفاده از کمک‌داور ویدئویی در توسعه فوتبال حرفه‌ای ایران تأثیرگذار بودند؛ بر این اساس، راهبردهایی پیشنهاد شد که این راهبردها متأثر از شرایط زمینه‌ای (زیرساخت‌ها و فرهنگی) و همچنین متأثر از شرایط مداخله‌گر (انسانی، تجهیزاتی، قانونی و اقتصادی) است. شناسایی پیش‌نیازها می‌تواند زمینه برنامه‌ریزی اثربخش را برای حرکت به‌سوی کاربرد این فناوری فراهم کند و بررسی اثرات این فناوری به تلاش برای کاهش پیامدهای منفی منجر می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Provide a Model of the Requirements and Effects of Video Referee Assistance in the Development of Professional Football

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alborz Hajipour 1
  • Keivan Shabani Moghadam 2
  • Mohammad Sajadian 3
  • Lena motallebi 3

1 Ph.D. Student Department of Sport Management, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor of Sport Management, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.

3 Assistant Professor Department of Physical Education, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran.

چکیده [English]

The purpose of the present research was to present a model of prerequisites and the effects of video assistant refereeing (VAR) in the development of professional football. This research was conducted through qualitative research of the grounded theory type, which is an exploratory method. In this study, the model was developed through a review of the literature, exploratory interviews, and data-driven analysis. To conduct the interviews, a comprehensive statistical population of experts and professors in the field of sports management, who had at least one research publication (research article, presentation, research proposal, book authorship, or translation) in the subject area of the research, was selected. Additionally, football referees and managers from the Iranian Football Federation were included. Purposeful sampling was used to identify these individuals. The sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached, and ultimately, a total of 18 participants (10 professors and 8 referees and managers) were identified as the sample. Subsequently, the issues were identified in the form of 12 themes and 48 conceptual codes, and were incorporated into the six dimensions of the paradigm model. Factors such as attitudinal, managerial, and media factors were influential on the use of VAR in the development of professional football in Iran. To this end, strategies were proposed, and these strategies were influenced by contextual conditions (infrastructural and cultural) as well as interventionist conditions (human, equipment, legal, and economic). Identifying prerequisites can provide a basis for effective planning for the implementation of this technology, and investigating its effects can lead to efforts to minimize negative consequences.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Equipment
  • Football Referee
  • Grounded Theory
  • VAR
مراجع
  1. Aarnink, A. (2021). How does the video assistant referee (VAR) affect players’ sabotage behavior? Available at: SSRN 3889340.
  2. Aarnink, A. (2021). Video assistant referee (VAR) implementation and its impact on decision-making of professional football referees. Available at: SSRN 3889324.
  3. Basirt, M., Khaje Eian, D., & Roshandel Arbatani, T. (2019). Conceptualizing the media value of football players as a basis for developing revenue generation models for Iranian football clubs. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Communication Management in Sports Media, 8(1), 27-42. (In Persian)
  4. Cassoudesalle, H., Laborde, B., Orhant, E., & Dehail, P. (2021). Video analysis of concussion mechanisms and immediate management in French men’s professional football (soccer) from 2015 to 2019. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 31(2), 465-472.‏
  5. Chen, R., & Davidson, N. P. (2021). English Premier League manager perceptions of video assistant referee (VAR) decisions during the 2019-2020 season. Soccer & Society, 23(1), 44-55.‏
  6. Chen, R., & Davidson, N. P. (2022). English Premier League manager perceptions of video assistant referee (VAR) decisions during the 2019-2020 season. Soccer & Society, 23(1), 44-55.
  7. Errekagorri, I., Castellano, J., Echeazarra, I., & Lago-Peñas, C. (2020). The effects of the video assistant referee system (VAR) on the playing time, technical-tactical and physical performance in elite soccer. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 20(5), 808-817.‏
  8. Fişne, M., Bardakçi, S., & Hasaan, A. (2021). Analysis of perceptions of turkish fans of video-assistant-referees in elite soccer. South African Journal for Research in Sport, Physical Education and Recreation, 43(2), 29-46.‏
  9. GÃrler, C., & Polat, V. (2021). Video assistant referee system effect on football: Turkish Super League Case. RBFF-Revista Brasileira de Futsal e Futebol, 13(52), 118-124.‏ ‏
  10. Hamsund, T., & Scelles, N. (2021). Fans’ perceptions towards video assistant referee (VAR) in the English Premier League. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 14(12), 573.
  11. Han, B., Chen, Q., Lago-Peñas, C., Wang, C., & Liu, T. (2020). The influence of the video assistant referee on the Chinese Super League. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 15(5-6), 662-668.‏
  12. Holder, U., Ehrmann, T., & König, A. (2021). Monitoring experts: Insights from the introduction of video assistant referee (VAR) in elite football. Journal of Business Economics, 92(2), 285-308
  13. Knott-Fayle, G., Peel, E., & Witcomb, G. L. (2022). Representing diverse genders in sports media: The discursive production of cisgenderism in the UK press. In Gender Diversity and Sport (pp. 134-155). New York: Routledge.‏
  14. Kolbinger, O. (2020). Machine learning and lexicon-based sentiment analysis of twitter responses to video assistant referees in the Premier League during the 2019-2020 season (Doctoral dissertation) Technical University of Munich.‏
  15. Kolbinger, O., & Knopp, M. (2020). Video kills the sentiment—exploring fans’ reception of the video assistant referee in the English premier league using Twitter data. PloS One, 15(12), e0242728.
  16. Kubayi, A., Larkin, P., & Toriola, A. (2021). The impact of video assistant referee (VAR) on match performance variables at men’s FIFA World Cup tournaments. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part P: Journal of Sports Engineering and Technology, 1754337121997581
  17. Kvale, S. (1996). Interviews: An introduction to qualitative research interviewing. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
  18. Lago-Penas, C., Gómez, M. A., & Pollard, R. (2021). The effect of the Video Assistant Referee on referee’s decisions in the Spanish LaLiga. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 16(3), 824-829.‏
  19. Luis Del Campo, V., & Morenas Martín, J. (2020). Influence of video speeds on visual behavior and decision-making of amateur assistant referees judging offside events. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 2517.‏
  20. Mahmoudian, A., Sadeghi Boroujerdi, S., Ghasemi Sayani, M., & Ebrahim Faghi Mahmood, A. (2019). The moderating role of using Instagram in the relationship between involvement with the team, affiliation and loyalty of fans (Case study: Persepolis football team). Scientific Quarterly Journal of Communication Management in Sports Media, 8(2), 103-115. (In Persian)
  21. Mather, G. (2020). A step to VAR: the vision science of offside calls by Video Assistant Referees. Perception, 49(12), 1371-1374.‏
  22. Mendes, S., Oliveira, E. P., Monteiro, D., & Travassos, B. (2021). The Portuguese referee performance model. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 17479541211006321.‏
  23. Mutz, M., Müller, J., & Reimers, A. K. (2021). Use of digital media for home-based sports activities during the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from the German SPOVID survey. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(9), 4409.‏
  24. Ntege, D. K. (2020). Impact of the use of technology-based referee system in football: A case of Spanish La Liga video assistant referee (Doctoral dissertation). University of Navarra, Spain.
  25. Nurcahya, Y., Nurmansyah, P., Rosdiana, F., & Stiadi, D. (2021). Improving the performance of football assistant referee through video-based training. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Vol. 1806, No. 1, P. 012212). Swiss: IOP Publishing.‏
  26. Rojas-Torrijos, J. L., & Ramon, X. (2021). Exploring agenda diversity in European public service media sports desks: A comparative study of underrepresented disciplines, sportswomen and disabled athletes’ coverage on twitter. Journalism Studies, 22(2), 225-242.‏
  27. Samuel, R. D., Galily, Y., & Edson Filho, G. T. (2020). Implementation of the video assistant referee (VAR) as a Career change-event: The Israeli Premier League case study. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 564-579.
  28. Song, Y. U. (2022). Relationships between middle and high school students' experience of viewing media sports violence and the imitation behavior. International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication, 14(2), 199-205.‏
  29. Spitz, J., Wagemans, J., Memmert, D., Williams, A. M., & Helsen, W. F. (2021). Video assistant referees (VAR): The impact of technology on decision making in association football referees. Journal of Sports Sciences, 39(2), 147-153.‏
  30. Tamir, I., & Bar-Eli, M. (2021). The moral gatekeeper: Soccer and technology, the case of video assistant referee (VAR). Frontiers in Psychology,11(3), 3811.‏
  31. Ugondo, P. I., & Tsokwa, M. (2019). Interpreting video assistant referee and goal-line technology communication: The pitch-based referees’ perspectives. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 3(4), 1058-62.‏
  32. Van den Berg, L., & Surujlal, J. (2020). Video assistant referee: Spectator and fan perceptions and experiences. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 12(2), 449-465.
  33. Ventura, M., Gentile, T., & Melina, A. (2020). The video assistant referees (VAR) for decision supporting in soccer match. In International Forum on Knowledge Asset Dynamics (pp. 861-875). Giovanni Schiuma .
  34. Vučkov, D., & Babić, S. (2021). VARs/AVARs in Croatian Top Division (1. HNL) and Major League Soccer: Experiences with VAR System. In 2021 44th International Convention on Information, Communication and Electronic Technology (MIPRO) (pp. 820-825). Croatia: IEEE.‏
  35. Winand, M., Schneiders, C., Merten, S., & Marlier, M. (2021). Sports fans and innovation: An analysis of football fans’ satisfaction with video assistant refereeing through social identity and argumentative theories. Journal of Business Research, 136, 99-109.‏
  36. Zglinski, J. (2020). Rules, standards, and the video assistant referee in football. Sport, Ethics and Philosophy, 16(1), 1-17.‏
  37. Zhiliang, J. (2021). A study on the application of video assistant referee (VAR) technology in Chinese Football Professional League. In E3S Web of Conferences (Vol. 292). China: EDP Sciences.‏
مدیریت ارتباطات در رسانه های ورزشی
دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 41
مهر 1402
صفحه 62-77
فایل ها
سابقه مقاله
  • تاریخ دریافت: 23 خرداد 1401
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 16 مرداد 1401
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 شهریور 1401
هم رسانی
ارجاع به این مقاله
آمار